Lithium Batteries Categories on the Electric Vehicle Market

Currently market of electric vehicles using lithium batteries are divided into three categories:

LiFePO4 Batteries --- Representative models: BYD E6

Advantages: LiFePO4 battery is a lithium-ion secondary battery, its discharge efficiency is higher, the rate of discharge charge and discharge efficiency can reach 90% or more than low-speed electric vehicles using lead-acid batteries 10% higher, so it’s good be as a power battery, it also can be used in solar powered portable generator.

LiFePO4 battery safety is also very good, can be 390 ℃ within the high temperature stability, to ensure the battery's inherent high security, not due to overcharge, temperature is too high, short circuit, impact and explosion or combustion, can be easily passed acupuncture experiments.

And LiFePO4 battery does not contain any heavy metals, no direct harm to the human body.

LiFePO4 battery has a long service life. LiFePO4 80% of the fast charge, you can safely reach 4000 to 5000 times, 70%, you can also guarantee 7000-8000 times, the theoretical life can reach 7 to 8 years. Now the LiFePO4 battery pack gradually combine with BMS to use in solar power system.

Ternary Lithium Battery - Representative models: Tesla Model S

Disadvantages: Compared to other types of power battery, lithium iron phosphate battery prices higher, and the battery capacity is small, the same battery capacity, lithium iron phosphate battery is heavier and heavier, seriously affecting the life of electric vehicles . In addition, the lithium iron phosphate battery is basically can not be recycled after recycling, there is no recyclable value.

Advantages: ternary lithium battery is a cathode material using lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material lithium battery, energy density, volume ratio of energy is high, and the price is relatively low.

Disadvantages: and can not pass acupuncture experiments, indicating that the ternary battery in the internal short circuit, battery case damage, it is easy to lead to combustion, explosion and other safety incidents. In addition, due to the nature of the material itself, resulting in ternary lithium battery life is relatively short, at the same time, due to global global nickel and cobalt resources, a large number of applications may lead to market prices, will increase the future car costs.

Lithium Manganese Oxide Battery - Representative models: Kai Chen Breeze

Advantages: Lithium manganese oxide battery has good safety performance, and tap density, the same volume under the battery can hold more material, with higher power consumption. Due to the high manganese reserves and abundant resources, the cost of manufacturing lithium manganese oxide batteries is also low, which can reduce the cost of car buyers.

Disadvantages: As the nature of manganese itself is not stable, easy to produce gas decomposition, and therefore more mixed with other materials used to reduce the cost of batteries, but its cycle life decay faster. At the same time, instability also makes the battery itself prone to bulging. In addition, compared with other lithium-ion materials such as lifepo4 batteries, lithium manganese oxide high temperature performance is poor, the relative life will be affected.

Sony in 1992, developed the first lithium-ion battery. It is practical, so that people's mobile phones, laptops and other portable electronic equipment weight and size greatly reduced. The use of time greatly extended. Because lithium-ion batteries do not contain heavy metal chromium, compared with nickel-chromium batteries, greatly reducing the environmental pollution.

Argentina 400MW solar project will be held in November the second round of bidding

The Argentinean government announced that its first round of renewable energy project auction capacity of 1.1GW, of which 400MW for solar power generator projects. The second round ( "Round1.5") tender will be held in November, of which 200MW for the PV project.

In the first round, wind energy and solar energy accounted for 90 percent of the bid, with an estimated investment of US $ 1.8 billion and an average auction price of approximately US $ 59.6 / MWh. Photovoltaic average price of about $ 59.75. Salta project which is 58.98 US dollars, in Jujuy three projects for 60 dollars.

One project in Jujuy includes three 100-megawatt PV plants. The project partners are China Power Group, Shanghai Electric and Talesun, with an estimated investment of US $ 340 million.

A government also announced that items submitted for the first round of bidding could also participate in the second round of auctions to be held in November. There will be 200 megawatts of solar energy in the round.

The government's request for site selection is that 100 megawatts must be located in the northeastern region. The deadline for acceptance of tender documents is November 25, opening day for the month 25.

The target for renewable energy in Argentina is 20 percent for 2017, up from 8 percent by 2025. 

Canadian solar airship will ascend in Africa

Solar Ship, a Canadian solar company, and Manaf Freighters, an African air cargo services company, have set up a joint venture to deploy their new solar-powered hybrid airships to provide critical goods, such as food, clothing, medical supplies and basic necessities, to remote areas.

The new type of solar airship combines the structure of airplanes and airships with helium-filled pterosomes to enable rapid take-off and landing in open areas such as soccer fields, enabling them to provide supplies in remote areas. 

As part of a joint venture with Solar Ship, Manaf Freighters in Burundi, Kenya and the Democratic Republic of the Congo have agreed to purchase four solar-powered airships, including two short-haul aircraft, Caracal and two Wolverine aircraft, for use in remote areas of East and Central Africa of goods transport and relief. Two Wolverine aircraft can carry a 20-foot container with a minimum payload of 5 tons.

Solar Ship said its Manaf joint venture, Peace & Freedom Services, links people in the Great Lakes region of Africa to global logistics to provide critical goods, including food, clothing, medical supplies and basic necessities.

Until now, Manaf relied on ordinary airplanes to supply critical supplies to Central and East Africa, reaching areas not reachable by other means of transport such as trucks, trains or boats.

Solar Ship plans to deploy with Manaf next year. 

First Solar Successful Operation of 52.5MW Photovoltaic Project in Jordan

October 10, 2016, FirstSolar announced that the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 52.5 MW Shams Ma'an solar photovoltaic projects have been put into production.

The ownership of this PV plant is owned by the Investor Alliance, including Diamond Generating Europe, Nebras Power and Kawar Group. First Solar made a significant contribution to the development of the project before divesting its stake and being appointed as an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor.

The single-axis tracker is equipped with 600,000 thin-film PV modules

This photovoltaic power station accounts for about 1% of Jordan's total power generation, the use of more than 60 million thin-film photovoltaic modules, crystalline silicon than conventional power generation capacity by 5%. The installation of PV modules on single-axis trackers allows solar power generation at power stations to increase by 20%. 

Signed a 20-year PPA with NEPCO

The Shams Ma'an Power Station and the National Electricity Company (NEPCO) signed a 20-year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA). The power system can use lifepo4 batteries with BMS to replace the lead acid batteries.

Kawar Energy Chairman KarimKawar said, First Solar on schedule to provide high-performance solar energy assets, good safety record. There is no doubt that this power plant will fulfill its commitments and lay the foundation for Jordan's energy security strategy.

"The Shams Ma'an project proves that First Solar's high-performance components perform better than Jordan and the Middle East," said Ahmed S. Nada, Vice President and Regional Executive, First Solar Middle East.

Morocco gives priority to developing renewable energy and sustainable resources

As part of its energy utilization strategy, Morocco gives priority to the development of renewable energy and sustainable resources. Morocco has a wealth of solar energy resources, annual power generation 2,600 kilowatts / square meter, and in the core strategic position of the energy center. The power can be stored in solar power batteries, like 48v 100ah lifepo4 battery pack, with BMS to control whole system.

Morocco provides more investment opportunities in the solar thermal and solar energy industry. Including the Morocco solar project: the project plans to build five total power generation by 2000 solar power station. Solar technology and photovoltaic technology will be used for these five power plants. The project is expected in 2020, the proportion of solar power will account for 14% of the total electricity, reducing 3.7 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions per year.

Morocco solar water heater market development project: This project is scheduled to be completed in 2020 installed 170,000 square meters of solar thermal sensors. Solar thermal energy, the average annual power generation is expected in 2020 reached 1190 gigawatts, is expected to reduce 9.2 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions each year.

Mexico clean energy certificate has become the focus of public opinion

Mexico plans to increase the country's low-carbon power capacity year by year, thereby reducing CO2 emissions and achieving clean energy goals. Specifically, the Clean Energy Certification Scheme requires electricity consumers to meet their emission reduction obligations by purchasing clean credits. However, the basic structure of this market is largely monopolized by the regulators, so how to price the certificate is still a big problem.

2018, Mexico's Clean Energy Certificate (CEL) mandatory demand of 15 million, also represents 15 million TWh of clean energy power, this figure will rise to 18 million in 2019, the 48v 100ah lifepo4 can be used in energy power projects. However, as of now unknown, Mexico's first clean energy auction to shoot only 5.4 million certificate, and buyers are the Mexican State Power Company (CFE). It is understood that this state-owned power plant also plans to be held later this year, the second auction to continue to purchase 10.6 million certificates.

It is clear that there is still a gap of about 9 million between the 2018 minimum compliance standards. As a result, the certificate buyers may choose to delay up to 50% of the obligation to 2019 to perform, so the gap in 2018 to control the relatively controllable 2.3 million or so.

Today, a total of 1.8GW of new generating capacity in Mexico is eligible for clean energy certificates, the vast majority of which are wind capacity (652MW) and photovoltaic capacity (1GW). These projects may help to close the shortfall in the Mexican Clean Energy Certificate market in the short term.

As an emerging clean energy market, like solar powered portable generator market, there is considerable uncertainty in the supply and demand of certificates in Mexico, and it is pointless to anticipate future price trends for certificates. However, a new Mexican rule stipulates that in the first four years (2018-2021), the price of certificates in the country's clean energy certification market should not exceed $ 17.6.

Indeed, through the introduction of the Clean Energy Certificate Facility, Mexico has demonstrated its commitment to the development of a clean energy market. However, if the price of the certificate can only be hovering below $ 17.6, it is difficult for developers to profit from the sale of certificates, it is difficult to rely solely on certificates to really encourage developers to invest in new business projects. At this stage, the risk of a clean energy certificate transaction is higher than the benefit. Several sets of data:

► 5%

Mexico for 2018 to develop the power consumption certificate requirements, the proportion is 5.8% in 2019.

►15TWh

2018 Mexico clean energy certificate demand gap, which is equivalent to 15 million TWh of clean energy power.

► 540,000

At this stage, the Mexican clean energy certificate market, the number of certificates in about 5.4 million, while the gap in the 9.9 million or so. This may lead to some of the electricity units will be up to 50% of the emission reduction obligations to 2019 to postpone the implementation of 2018, thus reducing the gap to 2.3 million.

Nigerian solar energy program will benefit 92,000 families

According to the local media, "Nigeria Daily" reported that a relevant department of the media statement shows that the Nigerian solar energy program, the first quarter of 2016, 49,000 households on the use of solar lighting or solar power supply system, the pace of Development in line with the plan.

The statement also states that 45,000 of these households are in the northern states of Nigeria and that solar systems are provided on full commercial terms, depending on the user's choice of cash payments, loans or equipment leases. 

Solar energy systems include small solar street lights, solar powered portable generator large areas of solar home systems, said Genevieve Bosah, director of public relations for solar projects. Solar home systems can provide power to multiple lights, televisions and fans.

"Since mid-2015, the Nigerian Solar Program and its partner program 'Lighting Africa' have provided solar energy to a total of 182,000 households," the statement said.

The statement states that the Nigerian solar program aims to build the distributed solar market in the Nigerian market by lending to high-quality solar energy suppliers to remove market barriers.

According to media reports, the program also funded the relevant institutions, so that it installed and installed on commercial terms to provide users with solar energy systems.